Fundamental of Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Key of Finance - Essay Example For our situation, proposition A takes 4 years to recuperate the speculation and proposition B takes just 3 years for the recuperation of such venture. As needs be the proposition B is positioned over the proposition A. The impediment in this strategy is that it doesn't consider time estimation of cash. Net present worth is a limited income way to deal with capital planning. â€Å"If the current estimation of future income is more noteworthy than the underlying cost, the task merits undertaking. Then again, if the current worth is not exactly the underlying cost, a task ought to be dismissed on the grounds that financial specialist would lose cash if the undertaking were accepted.†(Angelico A. Groppelli and Ehsan Nikbakhat, page 159)ii Assessing starting here of view, both proposition have a positive net present worth. In any case, as the net present estimation of proposition An is more than that of proposition B. As needs be NPV technique positions proposition An in front of proposition B. There are different deficiencies in strategies for assessment of capital tasks that don't consider time estimation of cash. It is by and large felt that limited income strategies give an increasingly target premise to assessing and choosing speculation ventures. These techniques assess both the greatness and the timings of expected incomes in every time of project’s life. Interior pace of return, similar to net present worth technique, is such a strategy, that utilizes the limited income measures to assess diverse capital undertakings. â€Å"The IRR for a speculation is the markdown (loan fee) that will make the present (or limited) estimation of the incomes from the activity equivalent to the underlying cost of the venture. An IRR over the base pace of return indicated by the board (called obstacle rate) is viewed as worthy. At the point when totally unrelated activities are being looked at, the undertaking with most noteworthy IRR will be preferred.† (Ralph S.

Resource File Essay Example for Free

Asset File Essay Select four melodies, finger plays, word games or sonnets that you can use to advance phonological mindfulness. Depict the methodologies to advance phonological mindfulness among kids whose home language is other than English. Phonological mindfulness includes the discovery and control of sounds at three degrees of sound structure: (1) syllables, (2) onsets and rimes, and (3) phonemes. 1. Communicate in English, and talk it regularly, partner words with objects as frequently as could be expected under the circumstances. For instance, show the kid a book and state, Book. Rehashing words and expressions frequently will prepare the kid to connect certain items with specific words intellectually; and more than that, it will empower the kid to get on the phonemes of the language subliminally. 2. Play word games to advance phonological mindfulness. With a little child who has constrained English abilities, sound soup is a great game to play. Draw out a major soup pot and tell the youngster, We are going to make k soup today! At that point, start to fill the pot with things that start with the k sound carrots, kale, timekeepers. The purpose of the game is to get the youngster to turn out to be extremely acquainted with a specific sound and to remember it as a sound that can happen toward the start of a word. 3. Play sound acknowledgment games that require to a greater extent a reaction on her part. One such game is the think that its game. State a sound r, for instance and request that the kid discover you an item in the room that starts with that sound. 4. Recognize the quantity of words in a short sentence. For instance, â€Å"Pat has a feline. What number of words are in that sentence? † 5. Next spotlight on onsets and rimes. For instance, â€Å"c† in addition to â€Å"at† rises to â€Å"cat†; â€Å"cl† in addition to â€Å"own† rises to â€Å"clown. † Beep! Choo! Zoom! Blare! We’ll be traveling in our vehicle. (Profess to drive a vehicle. ) Beep-signal. (Profess to blare horn. ) We’ll be traveling in our vehicle. Signal blare. We’ll be taking some time off. We’ll be taking some time off. We’ll be traveling in our vehicle. Blare signal. Train choo (Put arms by sides and claim to chug. ) Plane zoom (Make a plane with your hand and fly around. ) Bus sound, blare (Pretend to pull down on a horn. ) Oh, we’ll all have some good times when we go Signal blare, choo, zoom, sound. . . Apples and Bananas I like to eat, eat, eat apples and bananas I like to eat, eat, eat apples and bananas Now change the vowel sound to An: I like to ate, ate, ate ay-ples and ba-nay-nays I like to ate, ate, ate ay-ples and ba-nay-nays Now change the vowel sound to E: I like to eat, eat, eat ee-ples and honey bee nee-nees I like to eat, eat, eat ee-ples and honey bee nee-nees Now change the vowel sound to I: I like to ite, ite, ite I-ples and bi-ni-nis I like to ite, ite, ite I-ples and bi-ni-nis Now change the vowel sound to O: like to ote, ote, ote gracious ples and bo-no-nos I like to ote, ote, ote goodness ples and bo-no-nos Miss Mary Mack Miss Mary Mack All wearing dark, dark, dark With silver catches, catches, fastens All down her back, back, back. She asked her mom, mother, mother For 50 pennies, pennies, pennies To see the elephants, elephants, elephants Hop over the fence, fence, fence. They hopped so high, high, high They arrived at the sky, sky, sky And they didnt return, back, back Til the fourth of July, ly, ly! Teddy Bear Teddy bear, teddy bear, Turn around. Teddy bear, teddy bear, Touch the ground. Teddy bear, teddy bear, Shine your shoes. Teddy bear, teddy bear, Skidoo. Teddy bear, teddy bear, Go upstairs. Teddy bear, teddy bear, Say your petitions. Teddy bear, teddy bear, Turn out the light. Teddy bear, teddy bear, Say goodbye.

Attack Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assault - Essay Example Israel utilizes every conceivable intend to guarantee that the perceived leverage in the Middle East moves in support of her. Palestine then again is held by dread as Israel endeavors to keep up and expand her regional limits. Israel has consistently done her absolute best to overwhelm Palestine. While trying to battle that strength, Palestinians have understood their motivation, for which they are eager to quit any pretense of anything †even their own lives. In the battle for their motivation, Palestinians have selected radical measures, including guerilla strategies and psychological oppression. Fanatic gatherings have risen, and self destruction aircraft have understood the requirement for their unfriendly demonstrations. In â€Å"The Attack†, Khadra portrays this circumstance, distinctively depicting the complexities involved in both the Palestinian reason and the Israeli reason. In both, the end legitimizes the methods. â€Å"The Attack† impartially features t he Arab-Israeli clash. It offers a multidimensional degree on the preventions for journey for harmony in the Middle East. Through a political fiction, it plans to expound what drives radicals to battle for â€Å"the cause†. It shows why radicals would not mull over exploding themselves so as to accomplish their end. The creator depicts this through the storyteller of the story, Dr. Amin Jaafari, an Israeli-Arab. Dr. Amin appears to mix well in an Israeli society, in Tel Aviv. He is an effective specialist, wedded to an adoring, wonderful and apparently mainstream spouse. He appears to be neglectful of the dissenter sees experienced by Arabs and the Israelis. Not at all like a great many people in the area who are driven by ethnic and strict contrasts, he is driven by his aspirations to prevail in his vocation. His air pocket blasts when he discovers that his significant other was engaged with a self destruction shelling that left blameless individuals dead and harmed. From th e start, he didn't accept that his better half could be able to do such a detestable demonstration until the police solicited him to recognize the body from the self destruction aircraft. He was stunned when the police revealed to him that his significant other had not gone to the café where the occurrence happened to have a bite. Rather, she went to have an awesome time (Khadar, 2006). Afterward, a letter from his better half affirmed his questions. The frequency gives him the longing to comprehend his wife’s radical side, a side he had scarcely made sense of previously. The creator offers central conversation starters with respect to the complexities of the Arab-Israeli clash. He leaves the peruser pondering whether the cost paid for the reason is justified, despite all the trouble. Lives are lost; individuals are left mentally upset by the impacts of repetitive bomb assaults, threats and general turmoil. Those near the aggressors are left tormented by treachery and duplic ity. For Dr. Amin, updates on his wife’s association with an enthusiast bunch leaves him with a great deal of unanswered inquiries. After the assault, Amin loses his companions, neighbors and political offshoots, who believe that he was his wife’s accomplice and is consequently similarly liable. Truly, in contrast to his better half, he was committed to putting aside strict contrasts; and concentrating on his profession and achievement. It is upsetting to envision why â€Å"a wonderful, clever, present day lady, regarded by the individuals around her, altogether acclimatized, spoiled by her significant other and adored by her friends† could wind up as a self destruction aircraft (Khadra 2006). The writer leaves the peruser pondering whether apparently modernized people from the Middle East may simply be putting on a

4 Ways to Master English Vocabulary

4 Ways to Master English Vocabulary The most ideal approach to learn English jargon is by points with clarifications of importance, instances of use and resulting works out. It is conceivable to rehearse English jargon through activities in listening understanding, talking, perusing, and composing. Students of English ought to have arrangements of troublesome word implications and of expressions (articulations) on each subject with utilization sentences. They should peruse those instant jargon utilization sentences ordinarily if necessary. Longman Language Activator Dictionary (extraordinary English Idea Production Dictionary) covers this issue completely. It is fundamental that students additionally make up their own sentences with that jargon, thinking about genuine situations.Students of English can become familiar with a ton of jargon on each point from topical English word references. Great topical English word references give clear word use clarifications and furthermore a couple of utilization sentences for each word meaning, which is particularly significant. It is fundamental that understudies of English likewise make up their own sentences with troublesome jargon. They should consider the genuine circumstances where and when that jargon can be used.Do instant activiti es from course readings in jargon practice. Activities in jargon practice can incorporate discoursed, portrayals (recounting stories), topical messages, questions and replies in different circumstances, conversations, arguments, and communicating sentiments and perspectives on genuine themes and issues. Students can likewise ace new English jargon by perusing topical writings (materials) on ordinary subjects with significant substance, for instance, Practical Tips and Advice to Make Everyday Life Easier and Better (down to earth answers for regular issues). Such self improvement guides on settling ordinary issues are accessible at book shops. Students must record obscure jargon in entire sentences. It is fundamental that they work on talking the substance of the writings that they have perused. As individuals state, careful discipline brings about promising results. Topical General English Dictionaries Longman Language Activator (Unique thought creation English word reference, entirely significant for strong jargon procurement). There is likewise Longman Pocket Activator Dictionary. Longman English word references are the most authoritative.Longman Lexicon of Contemporary English.The Oxford-Duden Pictorial English Dictionary (by J. Pheby, 1995, 816 pages).Oxford Learners Wordfinder Dictionary.Word Menu (word reference by Stephen Glazier, Random House, USA, more than 75,000 words masterminded by subject matter).Cambridge Word Selector/Routes.NTCs Dictionary of Everyday American English Expressions (more than 7,000 expressions organized by themes).

Ringing in the second half of MIT

Ringing in the second half of MIT Last Tuesday was a big day for MITs class of 2019. After two years of waiting, we finally got our class rings! The brass rat isnt just any class tokenits one of the most recognizable rings out there. Its a pop culture icon. Its a beacon of kinship between alumni. Its an enduring symbol of class pride and school spirit. And right now for MITs sophomores, its a reminder that were already halfway through our time herea realization that is at the same time frightening, humbling, and empowering. This Tuesday, the Class of 2019 got together to celebrate the time weve spent together so far, and to toast the next two years of our MIT journey. This year, ring delivery was held at the State Room on the 33rd floor of a Boston skyscraper. Photo Credit: Lily Bailey Photography There was food, photo booths, a beautiful view, and, most importantly: A whole new batch of brass rats! Each year, the Brass Rat has a slightly different design that reflects some of the unique aspects of that years class. The years design is debuted at Ring Premier, a festive celebration where the whole sophomore class dresses up in everything from onesies to coordinated Hawaiian print and packs into MITs biggest auditorium to see the design. Every year, Ring Comm, the group of students in charge of designing the brass rat, also design a joke ring thats presented before the grand reveal. Some students, including me, dont know that this is a tradition, and enter a mild panic for five minutes. This years joke ring replaced the traditional beaver with an image of Harambe dabbing. Heres the real ring   And the designs on both sides Some of the unique details of the 2019 ring include the euro symbol in the background behind the figures of Mens et Manus (above right), representing the Nobel Prize win of MIT Professor Bengt Holmstrom for economics, as well as Brexit; the image of a student locking hands with the Alchemist (above right at the bottom) as a symbol of both collaboration and administrative tension at MIT; fireworks in the Bostonian sky, commemorating the celebration of MITs 150th anniversary of moving to Boston (top of the ring); and, as must be mentioned, a ripple in the Charles River in the form of a gravitational wave. (There were several moments during Ring Premier that illicited a giant cheer from the crowd, the likes of which you might hear elsewhere at a college football game. One was when the figure of Mens was introduced as a woman. The other was when the graviational wave was unveiled. Im really proud of my school.) A full illustration and description of the rings design can be found at the Brass Rat 2019 websitego take a look at it! Its really interesting and Ring Comm did a really good job. Naturally, the wait between ring premier and ring delivery was excruciatingbut finally, after two months of ogling over upperclassmens rings the event came around. Finally, we can call ourselves offical MIT students! Ring delivery is such a milestone for underclassmen that I decided to make my own dress to wear to the ceremony. Making it took almost all of spring break, but it was totally worth it. If youre interested, check out my personal blog for a sewing post about how I made my dress! The rat is a symbol of accomplishment and a rite of passage. Its a reward for getting through two, sometimes grueling years of one of the toughest schools in the U.S., and a reminder to take a second and recognize the things that make it worthwhile. And Ill be happy to wear it for the next two years, and for a long while after that. If you want to see more pictures of the event, check out the Facebook page! Post Tagged #Brass Rat #photography #Ring Delivery

Operations Management Assignment - Concept Design Services - Free Essay Example

Concept Design Services (CDS), Linda Fleet, marketing director of CDS is working with design house, providing end-to-end product design, manufacturing and high-quality designer goods distribution integrated service provider. All three types of operations management responsibilities have been working, the implementation of CDS which helps them succeed. Direct responsibility, is directly related to the service and delivery of products and production activities. Before that, they used to do industrial moldings as aerospace and some cheap household goods. According to Linda fleet management, they found that they could also become one of the main advantages of high produce profitable business. They all went to the companys customer service, so retain revenue customers and win new customers the ability to contribute. Indirect responsibility is involved in activities with other parts of the CDS interact. However, CDS new products need more complex mechanical and longer wor king hours. As the company grows, enlarged the demand for their products, operations management is to achieve time efficiency is very important. This is crucial, because it makes the right production plan through coordination between sales, manufacturing activities and design. Promote the companys costs, so if effectively managed, can reduce the cost of the entire enterprise. Broad responsibilities involve scanning is a political environment, social and business in which the existence of the organization is to understand the broader context of its mission. In its production process and the complexity of delivering services require good management, if they are to meet their customers needs time to succeed. Through proper operation and management, stock appeared greatly accurately forecast sales lead to lower delivery costs reduced. If managed properly, could damage the product and customer traffic adversely affect the companys reputation. In any case, the role of operations man agement can be highlighted by achieving business goals. Minimize costs, maximize revenue and avoid excessive investment, and the development of future innovation capacity. Operating performance objective is to ensure the proper operation of resource allocation, there are performance necessary to monitor, review the operation and record. A solution role in this process is the performance that relates to the internal and external factors that are associated with the appropriate measures to identify administrative competitiveness. This enables organizations to describe performance goals to measure its results of operations of the five basic operations are performance objective are quality, speed, reliability, flexibility and cost. Quality is very important in our list of performance objective, as many authorities believe it is the most important. The meaning of quality is a service and product, as it should be. In other words, it is consistent with its specification. CDS external influences customers complain less, this will make it easier for customers and good quality satisfaction. This brings more revenue CDS. If the CDS high quality consistency for all business processes and activities will progress is being made very few mistakes. This usually means that, CDS costs are saved, and increased reliability of the response speed increases. Speed à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹is saying responsiveness of speed shorthand. This means that the external or internal customer requests a product or service, and they get it to the interval. CDS external speed is important, because it helps to quickly respond to customers. This is usually a positive consumer will be more prospective to return with more business observation. Sometimes it is possible to charge a higher price when the service is fast. Have a great impact on the speed of the internal relationship between cost reduction will mean faster throughput customers reduce costs. When the material system in the long hang around, as well as more opportunities for them to get lost. Dependability refers to the time customers receive their products or services on. External Dependability is generally considered a good thing by the customer. Of course, late delivery of goods and services can be considerable stimulus customers. CDS can guarantee its sustainability and success is also equipped with an increase in customers provide more opportunities for companies and of brands CDS return. CDS internal reliability is to save time, save money directly and through a CDS stability to enable it to improve its efficiency. Flexibility always means to change the operation in some way. Flexibility subdivided into different types of products or services flexibility , delivery flexibility, mix flexibility, volume flexibility. For external flexibility to benefit CDS, CDS they can let consumers to customize their new product or service and they want to deliver by the CDS. It also allows CDS to make a huge number of products or services in order to reduce costs. (Slack, 2007). It allows the internal impact of CDS, to meet our customers faster response in dealing maintain the reliability of the change based on market demand and contribute to the provision of goods and CDS save time and money. First, the cost structure of different company can vary significantly. Note how the costs of different types of four different examples. Second, and most important, the other four performance objective are caused by internal, to reduce costs. CDS must manage their own products, a large number of products produced. It can save more costs, it can make more profit. Price is very important for each customer. If cheap, you can get good quality products, every customer will buy as much as they can. Volume: It is considered high. While this case study does not specify the amount of production, it can be inferred yield. Another sign of mass production is, CDS from its key line subcontract to other mounding company, so they can focus on producing its own concept. Variety: It considers the reasons for the high cause CDS market is a highly competitive, innovative design which determines the corporate life. CDSs capacity of develop products that are stylish, and its adaptability to change, because change is the key to the fashion business survival. Change: It also believes that the reasons for the high variety, CDS is forced to continue to produce innovative design, will retain their customers are interested in, and therefore maintain a high demand for the same reason. Visibility: You can consider is the high and low. When there is the visible part of the operation of final product I do not think theyll like this better if they insist they know best plastic molding, specializing in it, which makes standardized speed up production processes and reduce their unit costs. In operation, I believe that if they separate from other business cooperation activities, bu t mainly decided to do or from a central executive body, it works to their advantage. This is because, through the provision of priority, designers, which caused delays and friction within the company as well as to customers waiting. For the CDS must also improve their business, they need to develop a more accurate and reliable sales forecasts in order to achieve : higher utilization , better customer service and cost savings. Provide cross-training between designers and marketing departments in order to improve sales forecasting additional activities can be carried out. From product testing to scheduling and forecasting work closely with all aspects of those unit costs will be reduced, because the waste reduction will be minimal, and provide feedback to the designer. This will let them know what the feedback of marketing products out there getting greetings, EM brass and what is and what is not. The company seems to be more and more clients from a narrow El has been re -based accounts, which is why the separation operation, so that more concentration should be placed on them to ensure they select and hire guaranteed, and tell them they are a priority for some can easily change their states that its operation is visible, but not to their satisfaction. As for the other part of the normal activities of daily orders and can be set to meet the flexibility and scope of these commands so that you can request from that seems to take longer, so deal with a wider range of color variations speeding customers who may not have weighty order to allow both types of client needs treatment.

150 Million Years of Snake Evolution

Considering how diverse they are today--nearly 500 genera comprising almost 3,000 named species--we still know surprisingly little about the ultimate origin of snakes. Clearly, these cold-blooded, slithering, legless creatures evolved from four-legged reptilian ancestors, either small, burrowing, landbound lizards (the prevailing theory) or, just possibly, the family of  marine reptiles called mosasaurs that appeared in the earths seas around 100 million years ago. Piecing Together the Evolution of Snakes Why is snake evolution such an enduring mystery? A big part of the problem is that the vast majority of snakes are small, relatively fragile creatures, and their even smaller, even more fragile ancestors are represented in the fossil record by incomplete remains, mostly consisting of scattered vertebrae. Paleontologists have discovered putative snake fossils dating as far back as 150 million years, to the late Jurassic period, but the traces are so evanescent as to be practically useless. (Further complicating matters, snake-like amphibians called aistopods appear in the fossil record over 300 million years ago, the most notable genus being Ophiderpeton; these were completely unrelated to modern snakes.) Recently, though, solid fossil evidence has emerged for Eophis, a 10-inch-long middle Jurassic snake native to England. The Early Snakes of the Cretaceous Period Needless to say, the key event in snake evolution was the gradual withering away of these reptiles front and hind limbs. Creationists like to claim that there are no such transitional forms in the fossil record, but in the case of prehistoric snakes theyre dead wrong: paleontologists have identified no less than four separate genera, dating back to the Cretaceous period, that was equipped with stubby, vestigial hind legs. Oddly enough, three of these snakes--Eupodophis, Haasiophis, and Pachyrhachis--were discovered in the Middle East, not otherwise a hotbed of fossil activity, while a fourth, Najash, lived on the other side of the world, in South America. What do these two-legged ancestors reveal about snake evolution? Well, that answer is complicated by the fact that the Middle Eastern genera were discovered first--and, since they were found in geologic strata that were submerged in water a hundred million years ago, paleontologists took that as evidence  that snakes as a whole evolved from water-dwelling reptiles, most likely the sleek, fierce mosasaurs of the late Cretaceous period. Unfortunately, the South American Najash throws a monkey wrench into that theory: this two-legged snake was clearly terrestrial, and appears in the fossil record at roughly the same time as its Middle Eastern cousins. Today, the prevailing view is that snakes evolved from an as-yet-unidentified land-dwelling (and probably burrowing) lizard of the early Cretaceous period, most likely a type of lizard known as a varanid. Today, varanids are represented by monitor lizards (genus Varanus), the largest living lizards on earth. Oddly enough, then, prehistoric snakes may have been kissing cousins of the giant prehistoric monitor lizard Megalania, which measured about 25 feet from head to tail and weighed over two tons! The Giant Prehistoric Snakes of the Cenozoic Era Speaking of giant monitor lizards, some prehistoric snakes also attained gigantic sizes, though once again the fossil evidence can be frustratingly inconclusive. Until recently, the biggest prehistoric snake in the fossil record was the appropriately named Gigantophis, a late Eocene monster that measured about 33 feet from head to tail and weighed as much as half a ton. Technically, Gigantophis is classified as a madtsoiid snake, meaning it was closely related to the widespread genus Madtsoia. Unfortunately for Gigantophis fans, this prehistoric snake has been eclipsed in the record books by an even bigger genus with an even cooler name: the South American Titanoboa, which measured over 50 feet long and conceivably weighed as much as a ton. Oddly enough, Titanoboa dates from the middle Paleocene epoch, about five million years after the dinosaurs went extinct but millions of years before mammals evolved into giant sizes. The only logical conclusion is that this prehistoric snake preyed on equally huge prehistoric crocodiles, a scenario you can expect to see computer-simulated in some future TV special; it may also have occasionally crossed paths with the equally giant prehistoric turtle Carbonemys.

Cosmological Arugment - 984 Words

Cosmological Argument Many philosophers have provided their arguments for the existence of God. Their arguments are a priori or a posteriori. A posteriori is based on experience of how the world is. In which the Cosmological view of William L. Rowe comes from. This paper will show how Rowe took the cosmological argument and its principle of sufficient reason and failed to make it an established argument of the existence of God. Cosmological Argument has been taking by many and divided into parts of their argument. Rowe was influenced by the Philosophers Saint Thomas Aquinas in the thirteenth century and Samuel Clarke in the eighteenth century. All men have similar view points, also are slightly different, and can be translated†¦show more content†¦For the ones who know three plus three equals does and must equal six, are not always for the principle of sufficient reason and â€Å"some even claim that the principle is false† (Rowe 55). Thus I believe that there are things and positive facts that do not need explanation. The second of which Principles of sufficient reason is defended is by â€Å"claiming that although it is not known to be true, it is, nevertheless, a presupposition of reason, a basic assumption that rational people make† (Rowe 55). A person for principle of sufficient reason says that all of us already think that principle of sufficient reason is true. The problem with this is that even if we do believe that principle of sufficient reason is true, us believing in it does not make it true. I believe in one thing and another person might believe in something completely different. Holding ones belief in some subject does not make it true nor does it make it false. In conclusion if one wants to hold the Cosmological Argument to prove the existence of God, then the proof of the principle of sufficient reason needs to have more evidence. The principles of sufficient reason are what make up the premises of Cosmological Argument in which have no evidence of being true. Therefore one cannot use the Cosmological Argument to prove the existence of God, until the principle of sufficient reason has more evidence to back its

Essay on The Great Depression and The New Deal - 1211 Words

The Great Depression and The New Deal The Great Depression first started as early as 1928, but did not affect the United States until 1929. The Great Stock Market crash started the event of the Depression here in America, but was not the main cause to why it happened. During the early stages of the depression, President Hoover failed to help the economy and continued with his belief system of giving people the least help they needed, so they can earn themselves a rightful spot with pride, not with government’s help. The Great Depression was a very intense experience for us, even until today, the†¦show more content†¦As the poor became poorer, they could no longer afford luxury items, and the rich no longer needed so many cheap items. So overproduction was a great impact on the production industry, as well as on agriculture, where the decline of farm prices was great, and since the industrial revolution and World War 1, had not been benefited. Technology pushed people out of jobs and the US out of the trading cycle of the world. But the US added higher tariffs, the other countries rebelled and posted their own tariffs, so no country had money flowing in or out. Within 3 years, the GNP dropped by almost 50% from $104 billion to 459 billion. Since we had a weak banking system, more than 5,500 banks closed down and people lost all their money that was inside, with no guarantee of ever getting anything back. Farm prices decreased by 60% of what it’s normally worth and the only thing that seemed to increase was unemployment rates, from 3% to 25%. Our president during this time, Hoover urges everyone to remain optimistic and wanted strong faith from vo lunteers. But these volunteers were also in the same state as the people. He asked businessmen to maintain wages and employment, and askedShow MoreRelatedThe Great Depression And The New Deal1318 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic collapse that occurred in the 1930s. It was a pivotal moment in American history. Its effects were not only felt in the United States, but spread worldwide. In response and as an attempt to rectify the calamity, President Franklin D. Roosevelt launched a set of federal programs called the New Deal. The New Deal was aimed at bringing about an end to the crippling Great Depression with the least amount of economic casualties in America as possibleRead MoreThe Great Depression : The New Deal853 Words   |  4 PagesThe Great Depression brought many changes to the United States of Americas but the New Deal allowed for the protection of the entire nation. At first political leaders like Herbert Hoover, felt that the depression was only temporary and failed to comprehend the depth that the nation was in. Women and minorities began losing their jobs faster than men but soon when white men were walking down the streets searching for an opportunity. When Roosevelt took office in date he would address the depressionRead MoreThe Great Depression And The New Deal Essay1417 Words   |  6 Pages1930s were a time of great suffering and uncertainty in the United States. The country was crippled by effects of the Great Depression; the result was a massive decline in jobs and economic stabi lity that dramatically impacted both rural and urban communities. Millions of Americans were out of work, unable to support their families. State organizations and charities were unable to meet the growing needs of the people and many were left to fend for themselves. The Great Depression brought with it aRead MoreThe Great Depression And The New Deal1177 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscussing how women, blacks, Hispanics, and Native Americans, were impacted by the Depression and the New Deal. I will also be discussing the long-term legacies of the New Deal and the major historical assessments that have been made of the New Deal. I will also be giving my thoughts and views on the assessments that have been made of the New Deal. The New Deal and Minorities The Great Depression was caused by the stock market crash in 1929. This stock market crash put the UnitedRead MoreThe New Deal : The Great Depression2088 Words   |  9 PagesAlexis Brucell History 17B Professor Dan Defoe 2 April 2016 The New Deal In the 1930s America was experiencing what was the Great Depression, â€Å"the worst economic disaster in American History† (Foner, 158). The economy had hit an all-time low and unemployment was at its peak. After elected, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s created the â€Å"New Deal†, and it was the greatest reform movement of its time. The New Deal provided a daring reform policy without starting a war or revolution. Even thoughRead MoreThe Great Depression And The New Deal2393 Words   |  10 PagesIn the early 1920s, after the close of World War I a couple years earlier, Americans were seemingly prospering in their daily affairs. The nine-year span from 1920 to 1929 was filled with new and stirring changes; inventions, like automobiles powered by gas, innovative household appliances, like radios and vacuums, women’s suffrage, and more were taking off and changing the era. Companies were thriving in what was known as the Roaring Twenties. Stocks and production were greatly increasing too. ThisRead MoreImpact Of The New Deal On The Great Depression1355 Words   |  6 Pages Impact of the New Deal on the Great Depression Preceding the Great Depression, the United States went through a glorious age of prosperity, with a booming market, social changes, and urbanization; America was changing. At the end of the 1920’s and well through the 1930’s, America was faced with its greatest challenge yet; the 1929 stock market crash. It would be the end of the prosperity of the â€Å"Roaring Twenties†. Now the American government and its citizens were faced with a failing economyRead MoreThe Great Depression and the New Deal Essay example999 Words   |  4 PagesGreat Depression The Great Depression and the New Deal In response to the Stock Market Crash of 1929 and the Great Depression, Franklin D. Roosevelt was ready for action unlike the previous President, Hubert Hoover. Hoover allowed the country to fall into a complete state of depression with his small concern of the major economic problems occurring. FDR began to show major and immediate improvements, with his outstanding actions during the First Hundred Days. 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The Themes Of The Movie Arrival - 1245 Words

What makes a film great to the viewer watching it? Is it the plot of the story? Maybe even the timing of the film? Possibly the special effects? The answer is all of it makes a movie great. You cannot just take in a few things to determine if the movie fulfills your standards of what makes a film good. There are a few things that really makes the movie Arrival stand out as one of the better films of 2016. I believe that Arrival is built on the foundation that all great movies have a relatable theme, show good acting, and brings out certain emotion that keeps us wanting more. The movie Arrival is about aliens that come to Earth and bring a chaotic event that causes all countries to isolate from one another. It is up to two characters†¦show more content†¦Louise could see into the future when she figured out the heptapod language. She knew that her daughter, Hannah, was going to die regardless of whatever she could do to stop it. Louise also knew that she could never have a ch ild, but she still chooses to. She chose to have a child and knew that it would suffer from a certain illness, but would rather take on that situation than live her whole life knowing that her child was going to die. This teaches viewers to appreciate the what they have in life because nothing lasts forever, but the memories that are made will. Another thing that makes Arrival a great film is that Amy Adams and Jeremy Renner do an amazing job portraying Ian and Louise in Arrival. â€Å"Amy Adams is a miracle worker of an actress – she makes us believe in whoever and whatever shes playing† (Travers). That quote can’t be truer. Amy Adams really makes the viewer believe that she is a linguistics professor who has previously worked for the military and is now acting as a liaison between the aliens and the humans. 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Pomina-Vietnam Analasys Free Essays

Pomina Steel Company was established in 1999 with chartered capital 42 billion VND and the capacity of 300,000 tons/ year. Their main businesses are iron and steel production, recycling of scrap metal and trading of steel products. Pomina is one of the most trustworthy brands in producing steel in the south of Viet Nam and is the first firm in the south gets 2 certificates about quality and environment ISO 9001, ISO 14001. We will write a custom essay sample on Pomina-Vietnam Analasys or any similar topic only for you Order Now Start up in Binh Duong was considered like the good land to grow the firm. They put the quality on the top of concern to create the difference and the comparative advantages in the intensive competitive environment, so the founders has selected to invest in leading technological lines of steel lamination is Vai-Pomini and Simac from Italy. In 2002, Pomina can provide for the market above 600,000 tons of laminating steel per year. In 2005 Pomina invested in Phu My industrial zone to build the draft refining company with the capacity 500,000 tons/ year. This was also the first refining company using Consteel technology in Viet Nam and the 20th in the world. In 2007, the total capacity of Pomina’s companies reached 500,000 tons of refining and 600,000 tons of laminating per year. Besides serving domestic customers, Pomina also exported to Cambodia and by 2006, the revenue of exportation was 20 million USD. In July 2009, Pomina increased the chartered capital to 820 billion VND by separate issue and they were accepted as a public company by The State Securities Commission. On the other hand, Pomina run a lot of social activities and charity in trying helping poor people, which make them have a lot of favor from society, customers and create the development more and more. In April 2010, Pomina made its initial public offer on the HCM City Stock Exchange (HOSE) with the par value of 48,000 VND per share. The list code of the company is POM. The number of listed shares was 80 million shares and separate issue of 10 million shares for institution that want to invest. How to cite Pomina-Vietnam Analasys, Essay examples

Job Satisfaction with Staff Development-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Staff Development Impact on Job Satisfaction amongst Bank Employees in UAE. Answer: Introduction Globalization and technological advent have led to diversification, which led to companies offering goods and services across national boundaries. Most integral resource of a company is human resource on which a company has tremendous amount of dependence(Judge, 2008). Turnover and absenteeism amongst staffs and employees have been found to be high with companies that do not take any action with staffs and employees. Figure 1: Job Satisfaction with Staff Development Banks in UAE have been faced with major competitive threats from globalisation and opening up of markets with foreign banks coming in. While foreign banks offered its employees with immense scope of development and training, banks in UAE though updated their systems, focused on employees or staffs developing themselves solely. They allowed short breaks and also paid leaves for upgrading their knowledge, skills and expertise levels. However, these banks did not undertake any in-house training or development that can lead to staff development(Aziri, 2011). The scope of this study is focused on two hypothesis, null hypothesis (H0) being staff development did not have any impact on job satisfaction and alternate hypothesis (H1) being staff development does impact job satisfaction levels. The study is conducted across 50 listed banks in UAE. Employees and staffs were taken from several branches of these listed banks and then research methods were applied to arrive at findings for the stud y. Literature Review A brief analysis of relevant literatures is relevant for conducting study of any type. A literature study examines pertinent journals, articles, books and other internet sources for forming valuable inputs to the study. In order to examine connection between staff development with that of job satisfaction several pertinent literatures have been used for the study. In the domain of organizational psychology, job satisfaction comprises of the most integral domain that discusses work-related attitudes(Huey Yiing, 2009). Human capital theory discusses relevant literatures that help establish relation between staff development and training with that of job satisfaction. Though there are several existing literatures, there are no pertinent findings to define relationship between staff development with that of job satisfaction. Hence, the scope of this study aims at filling existing gap between these relevant literatures for arriving at findings regarding the study. S. Aydogdu (2011) articl e, An empirical study of the relationship among job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention. In the International review of management and marketing, volume 1(3), pages 43 provides relevant insight into establishing a connect of staff development with that of job satisfaction (Aydogdu, 2011). The scope of this article defines that employees on whom there were investment in regards to job training and development, stay longer with the organisation and have higher job satisfaction levels. Similarly, organizations that do not involve in staff developement have higher rates of employee turnover and absenteeism rates(Joo, 2010). Another pertiennt article in the domain of M.L.G. Griffin (2010), Job involvement, job stress, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment and the burnout of correctional staff. In the Criminal Justice and behavior, volume 37(2), pages 239 to 255(Griffin, 2010). This article emphasizes on the importance of employee development and training practices, which enables individuals to gain knowledge and also upgrade skills to developing compet itive standards. Employee development is increasingly being recognised as an important aspect for providing career development opportunities and for succession planning. Job satisfaction is a well-researched work-related variable that is shown to negatively impact employees in absence of staff development(Bright, 2008). It can result in an undesirable beahviour as absenteeism and turnover. Understanding employee perspective in relation to a particular job has been accepeted as an important idea that generates job satisfaction. An article that explains the factor in a greater way is by H.O.Lee (2008) Factors influencing job satisfaction of front line nurse managers: a systematic review. In the Journal of nursing management, volume 16(7), pages 768 to 783(Lee, 2008). Relationship variable that links job satisfaction to factors in which employee can contribute comprise of Training and Development and Employee motivation. While employee motivation is a much more complicated variable, the concept of development can be understood and applied in a better mechanism. Organization as banks that have adapted a new system, needs to develop its staffs and employees is an easier understood fact compared to an organization needs to motivate its employees(Vandenabeele, 2009). I.Ycel (2012) article, Examining the relationships among job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention: An empirical study. In the International Journal of Business and Management, volume 7(20), page 44(Ycel, 2012). The scope of this article highlights the several factors that can highten organizational commitment within employee. While exploring various factors it was easily understood that staff and employee development can greatly contribute in employee to achieve their organizational objectives and also increasing productivity(De Gieter, 2011). The primary aim of listed banks in UAE is to achieve its productivity by enhancing level of performance. Increasing level of performance can lead to employees performing in an orineted manner towards its goal and objectives. Therefore, it becomes essential that employees tsrive towards organziational goals in a motivated fashion ina well-defined manner. Development allows employees easily attain those goals with clear defined objectives, reducing their levels of stress(Valentine, 2008). Thus, reducing employee burn-out and achieving their goals easily can allow them to be highly satisfied with their jobs. Research Questions In order to arrive at appropriate findings regarding the study, the following research questions needs to be answered(Kafetsios, 2008). The following research questions will also help arrive at the hypothesis for the study. Research Question 1: What are the quantifiable and qualitative factors related to job satisfaction? Research Question 2: What are the factors (remunerative or any other) in which employees in UAE banks are lagging? Research Question 3: How can employees in listed banks in UAE be motivated (intrinsic or extrinsic)? Research Question 4: What are the impacts from staff development on bank employees in UAE? Research Question 5: In what ways are staff development linked to job satisfaction? Proposed Methods The study will be conducted using research questionnaire that participants in the study will need to fill out. The research design will ensure step by step completion of the processes of the study. Firstly, the scholar will ascertain research methods that will be used along with pertinent research philosophy(Yang, 2008). Explorative philosophy will match the requirements of the study, hence questions will be aimed at getting details from participants. Participants will be sent out questionnaires post obtaining permission from them and their branch heads. Then questionnaire will be made to fill out through email and handout procedure. A participant can select way to answer the questionnaire according to his convenience. Thus, research tool used for data gathering in the study will comprise of questionnaire from other methods available as observation, survey and other procedures. Design The scholar will aim at using research design that is most suited to the study. From explorative, descriptive, predictive and explanatory research design, the scholar will aim at selecting explorative design for the purpose of the study. In explorative research design the scholar will aim at diagnosing and analysing facts in great detail compared to other research techniques. Participants The study will be conducted using staffs and employees form the listed banks in UAE. For the purpose of the study, the scholar will aim at 200 participants, amongst which 100 will be used to collect data. Permission for conducting the study regarding their feedback will be obtained prior to conducting to the study. Participants who want to respond to the questionnaires I n the detailed format will only be asked to fill out form for the purpose of the study. A consent form for obtaining permission from each participants will be obtained. Primary selection criteria for participants will include their employment in one of listed bank in UAE. The employees will have to be at least 5 years old in the system to be subjected training or developmental projects. Participants will be aged 25 years to maximum of 40 years of age. They will mostly belong to mid managerial profiles. Sample size: The study plans to take a minimum of 100 participants for conducting its processes. At least 200 employees from the bank will be targeted, and then consent will be obtained from each of them amongst which 100 participants were selected. The selection criteria for inclusion of the candidates will be mostly dependent on their age and profile of participating. Participants only those who agree and give their consent will be in the study. This will ensure that ethical guidelines are followed appropriately in the study and adhered to. Materials: This section all relevant materials that will be used for conducting procedures of the study. For the purpose of this study, questionnaire will be used in printed format and email format. Some participants will be emailed the questionnaire for filing them up while most participants will be handed over a printed format of questionnaire for the study purpose. Apart from questionnaire, the scholar aims to meet every employee of the study for interview sessions for obtaining relevant inputs regarding the study. Measures Used: For the purpose of obtaining relevant input in the questionnaire standardized sets of questionnaire will be used. Reply will be based on Yes or No and rating will be provided measuring on a scale of 1 through 4. The questionnaire will be prepared using published questionnaire to obtain relevant inputs regarding bank employee staff development and trainings. All data collected from questionnaire method will be cross-checked and verified for testing of reliability and validity. For the purpose of interview, scholar will make use of structured interviews with recording sessions. Participants will be asked their permission prior to recording their input into the video. The video will be transcribed by the scholar himself. Procedure In order to collect data that are relevant and reliable in nature, a procedure for data collection will be used. This section includes a step by step procedure for data collection that will be used in the study(Giallonardo, 2010). The scholar will print out a formal letter along with a consent form for getting consent and feedback from employees and bank managers. Once managers of listed banks at UAE have approved the procedure for the interview and questionnaire to be conducted at the bank then the scholar can go ahead for obtaining input from individual employees. The entire study has been piloted by the scholar for collecting data in an appropriate format and arriving at suitable findings for the study. Prior to finalizing methods for the study, certain amendments have been made to it that includes changes being made to some of its questions. Participants will be subjected to a number of events for the purpose of conducting the study, firstly consent will be obtained from them, th en they will be briefed regarding procedure of the study, then they will be provided with the questionnaire. They will be asked to fill up the questionnaire within 5 days, post which they will be interviewed for obtaining relevant inputs. Finally the data will be collected for the purpose of the study and it will be analysed for the same. All data collected from the participants will be strictly confidential in nature and will not be available to anyone. The study will not disclose names, contact details or any other details related to feedback to anyone outside. Strict confidentiality will be maintained for participants who will be willing to be a part of the study. Data Analysis There will be primary as well as secondary data that will be collected for the purpose of the study. Then data analysis on collected data will be conducted in order to establish critical findings related to the study(Mahmoud, 2008). Data analysis for collected data is necessary as it allows to draw insight into key understanding related to the study. Data collected will be of qualitative as well as quantitative nature. Once data is collected qualitative data will be analysed using inductive techniques. For the purpose of qualitative data analysis mostly, theories and concepts obtained from literature review guidelines will act as key to arriving at findings related to the study. Quantitative data will be analysed using statistical procedures using mean, correlation, regression and ANOVA analysis methods. Parametric statistical analysis procedures will be used for the purpose of analysing data collected. All data whether qualitative or quantitative in nature will be analysed and then cross-checked and verified to prove results for the study. Ethical Considerations The study has tried and followed ethical guidelines wherever possible. The scholar has maintained stringent restrictions while abiding by ethical guidelines and procedures. Following are some of the ethical guidelines that were followed by the scholar; Participants for the study mostly were bank employees, hence permission was asked form their branch heads as well as they while obtaining crucial information were. From total participants some of them did not participate as they felt that they will be bound to leak critical information regarding bank procedures that could harm their career. These participants were not forced to provide feedback. The scholar ascertained that the questionnaire will not contain any attribute that might impose possible hazards or sources of distress to participants Participants will be debriefed regarding the entire procedure for participating in the study. A follow up procedures will also be adhered to make sure that all participants submits the questionnaire prior to date of data analysis to the scholar. Participants were given an attached sheet with clear cut instructions that needed to be followed while filling up the questionnaire for the purpose of the study. Conclusion Analysing the effect of staff development can be multidimensional in nature. Trends in UAE depicts high adaptation of technology and other latest trends due to a number of multinational banks in the country. High competition has posed considerable threats which has impacted staff motivational levels. Banks that have trained and developed their staffs to cope with the pressure has been able to retain good quality staffs and also enhance productivity levels. Thus, the scope of this current project will analyses deeper into that concept of staff motivation to generate greater impact on banks and their productivity. Reference Lists Aydogdu, S. . (2011). An empirical study of the relationship among job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention. International review of management and marketing, 1(3), 43. Aziri, B. (2011). JOB SATISFACTION: A LITERATURE REVIEW. Management Research Practice, 3(4). Bright, L. (2008). Does public service motivation really make a difference on the job satisfaction and turnover intentions of public employees? The American Review of Public Administration, 38(2), 149-166. De Gieter, S. H. (2011). Revisiting the impact of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on nurse turnover intention: An individual differences analysis. International journal of nursing studies, 48(12), 1562-1569. Giallonardo, L. M. (2010). Authentic leadership of preceptors: predictor of new graduate nurses' work engagement and job satisfaction. Journal of nursing management, 18(8), 993-1003. Griffin, M. L.-G. (2010). Job involvement, job stress, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment and the burnout of correctional staff. Criminal Justice and behavior, 37(2), 239-255. Huey Yiing, L. . (2009). The moderating effects of organizational culture on the relationships between leadership behaviour and organizational commitment and between organizational commitment and job satisfaction and performance. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 30(1), 53-86. Joo, B. K. (2010). Career satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention: The effects of goal orientation, organizational learning culture and developmental feedback. Leadership Organization Development Journal, 31(6), 482-500. Judge, T. A. (2008). Job satisfaction: Subjective well-being at work. Kafetsios, K. . (2008). Emotional intelligence and job satisfaction: Testing the mediatory role of positive and negative affect at work. Personality and individual differences, 44(3), 712-722. Lee, H. O. (2008). Factors influencing job satisfaction of front line nurse managers: a systematic review. Journal of nursing management, 16(7), 768-783. Mahmoud, A. H. (2008). A study of nurses' job satisfaction: the relationship to organizational commitment, perceived organizational support, transactional leadership, transformational leadership, and level of education. European journal of scientific research, 22(2), 286-295. Valentine, S. . (2008). Ethics programs, perceived corporate social responsibility and job satisfaction. Journal of business ethics, 77(2), 159-172. Vandenabeele, W. (2009). The mediating effect of job satisfaction and organizational commitment on self-reported performance: more robust evidence of the PSMperformance relationship. International review of administrative sciences, 75(1), 11-34. Yang, F. H. (2008). Emotional labour, job satisfaction and organizational commitment amongst clinical nurses: A questionnaire survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 45(6), 879-887. Ycel, ?. (2012). Examining the relationships among job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention: An empirical study. International Journal of Business and Management, 7(20), 44.

Environmental Policies in USA

Question: Identify a policy issue that impacts or interests you. This policy issue can be at the local, state, or federal level, only USA Policy? Answer: Introduction The United States congress has been thriving towards regulating their activities that shall have a positive impact over the environment. The principal goal of the present Obama Government is also to conserve the environment for the future generations and at the same time not to recede the present liberty of the people and the commerce. The White House Office constantly frames policies and engages in agency coordination for undertaking environmental responsibilities (Kraft Furlong, 2004). Obama on Environment Barack Obama in the 2008 presidential elections managed a clear and big lead above his rival on the issues of environment and got the support of all the mainstream environmental groups. Obama also made appointments of people like Steven Chu and this clearly shows that his presidency was very serious about the environmental issues (The Daily Signal, 2015). Clean Power Plan Recently, in the lecture of convocation in a coast guard university in Connecticut, Obama clearly mentioned that climate change is a threat to the national security of the nation and is posing dangers before the police forces (Gregory Korte, 2015). Thus, to protect the change of climate, the Federal Government has made efforts to initiate a Clean Power Plan that sets out standards that are achievable for the reduction in the emissions of carbon dioxide by 32% from 2005 levels by 2030. This plan has set the goals that it intends to achieve and this will enable the states to frame appropriate policies so that the plan can be a success (The White House, 2015). This plan will not only protect the health of the American families but will also endorse in saving the family bills and thus the economy of the country will develop. The President also gave a comprehensive speech on the Clean Power Plan and stated the effectiveness of the plan along with the way it will work. Effectiveness of the Plan This plan is effective because it intends to provide incentives for the states to reduce the emissions of the power plants by the installation of new zero-carbon energy and improvising the efficiency of the fossil fired power plants if they stop using coal and start using natural gas (The White House, 2015). Ethical Standards As far as the ethical standards are concerned, the plan also intends that the economy of the nation shall develop and the environment condition shall at least remain stable if not improvise for the upcoming generations (Theenergycollective.com, 2015). Political and Social Feasibility The plan is also politically and socially feasible because it has been implemented in the federal level and the states have been asked to implement the same in their own levels. The benefits in the form of incentives also ensure social security (Theenergycollective.com, 2015). Equity Measures As far as equity is concerned, the plan will ensure jobs for a large number of unemployed people. The civil rights groups like NAACP were in fact looking for these. The solar energy sector is giving jobs to many people. To pursue the equity factors in the Clean Power Plan roll-out, many models have been framed in different levels (Kamieniecki Kraft, 2007). For instance, the Public Service Commission of New York has created new policies on renewable energy that will give better access to solar power and prioritize energy. Conclusion The plan if implemented in the way it has been discussed will definitely be a success and the goal can be attained much before the deadline. This initiative will not only help the nation but will also be a successful for controlling the pollution levels in the global scenario. The initiative is surely going to be a welcome move for the entire world. References Gregory Korte, U. (2015).Obama: Denying climate change erodes national security.USA TODAY. Retrieved 20 August 2015, from https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2015/05/20/obama-climate-change-national-security-coast-guard/27628313/ Kamieniecki, S., Kraft, M. (2007).Business and environmental policy. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. Kraft, M., Furlong, S. (2004).Public policy. Washington, D.C.: CQ Press. The Daily Signal,. (2015).Obama's Dangerous on Climate Change, National Security. Retrieved 20 August 2015, from https://dailysignal.com/2015/05/22/obamas-dangerous-thinking-about-climate-change-and-national-security/ The White House,. (2015).Energy, Climate Change, and Our Environment. Retrieved 20 August 2015, from https://www.whitehouse.gov/energy Theenergycollective.com,. (2015).Clean Power Plan Effectiveness | The Energy Collective. Retrieved 20 August 2015, from https://www.theenergycollective.com/alextrembath/2257778/clearing-air

Sample Wellness Physical Essay From Doctor

Sample Wellness Physical Essay From DoctorIf you are looking for a sample wellness physical essay from a doctor, then you can search online. In fact, there are several sites which give sample fitness essay online and allow you to select a piece of that you want to incorporate into your doctor interview. If you need to have a very general statement about your health, you may want to consider writing a general essay.These are often classified as opinion pieces or a blog and can be adapted to suit your preferences. For example, if you do not wish to write an actual health essay but only have a general opinion, then these can be used. These can come in a variety of formats - from web forms to articles.Just make sure that you do not overdo the essay in order to get it on the doctor's list. A doctor may need an exact version of the same as if you were telling him exactly what you felt and experienced. That way, he or she will know exactly what to expect from you.In addition, if you are giv ing a specific version of a wellness, physical essay from a doctor, it is important that you remember that the doctor must be able to read both your questions and the essay itself. Otherwise, the essay will be useless and you will only waste your time.Furthermore, it is imperative that you include a note about the original essay you wrote. In most cases, if you present a doctor with your original essay, it is usually required that you provide them with proof that you wrote the original essay. While it would be difficult to provide them with your original essay, you may want to provide them with the one you present as evidence.Another thing to consider is that sometimes, the doctor will require that you either provide an actual copy of the original essay or an updated version. You may want to ensure that the document presented is the original essay so that you are not putting your doctor in a situation where they do not have the original.Finally, it is important that you remember tha t a doctor's health background is very important when evaluating their character. If you want to enhance the doctor's character, then you may want to enhance your own too.

Heart Of Darkness 15 Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Heart Of Darkness 15 Essay, Research Paper In this paper I will demo the consequence the Heart of Darkness had on Kurtz in the phases prior to, the Kurtz in passage, and at the terminal of his journey. The Kurtz prior to his journey was a adult male with a baronial bosom. We learn about Kurtz prior to his journey by listening to the conversations Marlow has when he returns from Africa. Marlow talked with Kurtz cousin, an old co-worker, and his Intended. Kurtz was a cosmopolitan mastermind ( 244 ) . The old co-worker told of how the adult male could speak. He electrified big meetings. He had religion He could acquire himself to believe anything ( 244 ) . Marlow to the full agreed with this statement. Marlow said, This is the ground why I affirm that Kurtz was a singular adult male. He had something to state. He said it ( 241 ) . He was one of those work forces who you had to look up to. We will write a custom essay sample on Heart Of Darkness 15 Essay Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page You HAD to love him, if you knew him. The Intended said, she had been worthy of him ( 248 ) . She speaks of him as about a God. The Intended promises Marlow she was worthy of him, she had all his baronial assurance. Their engagement wasn T approved because Kurtz wasn T affluent plenty. Kurtz had the ability to pull work forces towards him by what was best in them ( 249 ) . This is the gift of the great. Kurtz was a great adult male. He was a born leader. The Kurtz prior to the journey seems to be a adult male with a bosom of gold. His goodness shone in every act ( 250 ) . But in actuality his psyche was conformed by society and the warning voice of a sort neighbour ( 206 ) . He was a adult male with rules merely because rules were all around him. Kurtz was dependent on that sort neighbour to maintain him baronial. The Kurtz in passage was a adult male with a bosom that understands what is traveling on in the jungle. Kurtz is described as a excellent agent, a really singular individual, who will travel really far. Kurtz drew a picture of a adult female, draped and blindfolded, transporting a lighted torch. The picture had a background that was somber-almost black. Her motions were stately, and the consequence of the torch-light on the face was sinister ( 169 ) . Kurtz had painted this while he was at the Central Station. This picture is Kurtz position of the colonisation of Africa. The blindfold refers to the deficiency of vision that the progressing civilisation traveling into Africa has. Marlow agrees. He refers to the settlers, as work forces traveling at it blind-as is really proper for those who tackle a darkness ( 140 ) . The torch normally means carriers of a flicker from the sacred fire, carriers of Christianity. But in this sense, the torch seems to be destructive, a tool that is used to get down fires on the barbarians places. This gives the sinister consequence on the face. Christianity isn T being served ; the torch is being used for immorality. All this means that Kurtz really realizes all that is go oning. Kurtz is get downing to understand what this predicting immorality is, the darkness all around him. Kurtz is said to be a prodigy an envoy of commiseration, and scientific discipline, and advancement, and Satan knows what else ( 169 ) . This was said by the brick-maker who didn Ts make any bricks. This adult male realized the possible Kurtz had. A prodigy is a mastermind, person with a batch of possible. As an envoy of commiseration he is one who represents the barbarians. He came to the jungle to compose a paper about the barbarians and their imposts ; He was their embassador. As an envoy of scientific discipline, he was one that had great programs and thoughts as to how to command the barbarians and non ravish the land. As an envoy of advancement he represented person who could alter the relationship with the barbarians. He came out to the jungle with moral thoughts of some kind. In the terminal he turned it for the worse by taking advantage of them. The Satan does cognize what else. I believe the Satan was a big portion of Kurtz ; the darkness had sunk in along with the Satan. In the passage Kurtz realizes what the darkness does to work forces at that place. He believes that he can get the better of the darkness. He believes he can convey his moral thoughts and alter the manner they colonize the darkness. He believes he can alter how the white adult male treats the barbarian. He believes he can take the sinister torch and do it a flicker from the sacred fire. Kurtz at the terminal of the journey is a adult male with a bosom of darkness. His bosom had been overcome by the immorality. He is so enveloped by the darkness that he doesn T privation to go forth it. This is seen when he tries to creep out of the steamboat and back to the barbarians fires. It is shown before when he comes down the river with the tusk in the canoes and so turns back, merely abruptly of the cardinal station. I believe this is a turning point in the book. Alternatively of coming out of the darkness he decides to travel against the flow ( of the common adult male and the river ) and caput back into it. The darkness has its clasp on Kurtz by now. Kurtz is described as being a talented animal, and that of all his gifts the 1 that stood out was his ability to speak, his words-the gift of look, the bewildering, the illuminating, the most elevated and the most contemptible, the throbing watercourse of visible radiation, or the fallacious flow from the bosom of an impenetrable darkness ( 203-204 ) . This quotation mark shows that he could speak, but it was what he talked about that mattered. He one time spoke from the visible radiation, but now it flows from the bosom of an impenetrable darkness. Marlow says The thing was to cognize what he ( Kurtz ) belonged to, how many powers of darkness claimed him for their ain ( 206 ) . Marlow begins to see that Kurtz has been corrupted by the darkness. Marlow besides knows what causes this corruptness. It is the absence of civilisation. Marlow says surrounded by sort neighbours ready to hearten you or to fall on you, stepping finely between the meatman and the policeman how can you conceive of arrant purdah without a police officer where no warning voice of a sort neighbour can be heard whispering of public sentiment? These small things make all the great difference. When they are gone you must fall back upon your ain innate strength, upon your ain capacity for fidelity ( 206 ) . Marlow sees that Kurtz innate strength was excessively weak for the powers of the darkness. It had been civilisation that had kept Kurtz in cheque, and now without it he was carry throughing his most evil desires. Marlow besides says that the darkness assaults you and dulls you. Kurtz was dulled by the darkness over his long stay in it. Kurtz was a great talker because it echoed aloud within him because he was hollow at the nucleus ( 220 ) . Shakespeare knew this, for he one time said, the empty vas makes the greatest sound. This explains the combination of hollowness and fluency. Kurtz was under a enchantment of the darkness. Marlow says I tried to interrupt the spell-the heavy, tongueless enchantment of the wilderness-that seemed to pull him ( Kurtz ) to its pitiless chest by the waking up of forgotten and barbarous inherent aptitudes, by the memory of gratified and monstrous passions ( 234 ) . Kurtz wanted to make the things he was ever told non to make in civilisation. Now no 1 was stating him non to make them, so he did what felt good. Kurtz is non brainsick though, his intelligence was absolutely clear-concentrated ( 234 ) . It was something else, his psyche was huffy ( 235 ) . Bing entirely in the wilderness, his psyche had looked at itself and had gone huffy. But Kurtz struggled with himself, excessively. Marlow saw the impossible enigma of a psyche that knew no restraint, no religion, and no fright, yet fighting blindly with itself ( 235 ) . He couldn t control his psyche, his soul full of darkness. It overtook him, and nil could halt it! His visual aspect besides changed as though a head covering had been rent. I saw on that tusk face the look of drab pride, of pitiless power, of recreant terror-of an intense and hopeless desperation ( 239 ) . His tusk face is an dry statement ; it seems to connote that the tusk became portion of him. He had power over the barbarians, and now he realized at his decease that he had no hope. As they left the darkness, Kurtz life seemed to run out of him. The brown current ran fleetly out of the bosom of darkness ( 237 ) . The current ran from the jungle, but the current of life besides ran out of Kurtz bosom, a bosom of darkness. At the terminal of the journey, Kurtz gives up his high aspirations, and the wilderness brings out the darkness and ferociousness of his bosom. All rules and desires of the civilised society are stripped from him, and the indefinable passions and greed of his true nature are revealed. He collects a followers of indigens who worship him as an graven image. He allows them to idolize him. The full significance of the wilderness can be seen merely through Kurtz, because he gives in to the powers of the wilderness. Through the influence of the wilderness, Kurtz basic human nature is revealed. At his decease, he sees the true province of world. His regard is piercing plenty to perforate all the Black Marias that beat in the darkness ( 241 ) . His concluding statement of The horror! The horror! ( 239 ) is his judgement on all of life. The wilderness brings Kurtz to the point where he has a full consciousness of himself, and from there he makes his avowal about all world. The old physician knew what was go oning. He commented, It would be interesting for scientific discipline to watch the mental alterations of persons, on the topographic point ( 148 ) . All that remains is a memory now, a memory of his promise, his illustriousness, his generous head, and of his baronial bosom. He was a adult male with programs, but his words and illustration shall last.

Accordian Crimes essays

Accordian Crimes essays Political Implications of Accordion Crimes E. Annie Proulxs, Accordion Crimes takes an in-depth look at many various immigrant families social, cultural, religious and ideological contributions to the American society and political system. Proulx details each ethnic groups struggle to maintain their own unique identity. However, each groups attempts at remaining unique actually patterns the other. In doing so, these groups actually contribute to form a new American polity. This formation of a new polity is Proulxs theme. The new American polity is formed through hard work, unity and perseverance under fire. They are extremely evident in the Italian, German and Polish ethnicities. Proulx introduces the audience to an Italian accordion maker. The Accordion Maker, follows this Italian mans journey to the United States. He thought of a new life, fresh and unused, of money hanging in the future like pears hidden in high leaves.(19). Money is a primary apparatus for moving to America. Finding work was difficult, and he soon learned he must bid for employment. In doing so, the Italian takes a crash-course in free enterprise: That is how it works in America...[y]ou must pay to be paid.(28). So, the Italian did, and worked hard on fruit boats until he saw the opportunity to sell his hand-crafted accordions. The German immigrants are also introduced to a free-market economy. They take a different route, and develop a community called, Prank. They spent the summer cultivating and hammering, raising frames and fencing, pacing off new fields for corn and oats and hay. (60). With their knowledge of farming and carpentry Beutle, Messermacher and Loats soon find their community thriving. They adapt a philosophy, Vork hard and good fortune to come.&quo...

Nutrition, health, and wellness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nutrition, health, and wellness - Essay Example Considering the general health of people, several organizations have come with a food guide pyramid, which serves as a guide for healthy eating. While the focus is on food, daily exercise and weight control form the basis of the pyramid as these, according to research conducted in several countries, have a strong influence on keeping the mind and body fit. The pyramid has a broad base which includes vegetables and whole grains and these should be consumed in sufficient quantities as they provide the much needed proteins to the body. This is followed by whole breads, fruits, olive oil and leafy vegetables which need to be consumed in lesser amounts compared to the first. Plant-based products are generally suggested by nutritionists as they provide the necessary vitamins and minerals to the body and they have low carbohydrates and are usually devoid of fats. The next portion in the pyramid includes fish, poultry and other sea foods and nuts which could be consumed in moderate amounts a s they contain considerable amount of healthy fats. Milk and other dairy products can be consumed in limited quantities mainly for their protein content and finally the upper tip of the pyramid contains red meat, potatoes and aerated drinks which are unhealthy nutrition wise and are can be avoided. Thus the pyramid is constructed keeping in mind the nutritional benefits provided by foods and the amount in which they can be consumed (The Nutrition). Both governmental and independent organizations formulate dietary guidelines and these are published for public viewing. The health department and the agricultural department of the US government have released their dietary guidelines. A similar healthy eating pyramid has been designed by the faculty of the nutrition department at Harvard School. The Food and Drug Administration has released its set of dietary guidelines for Americans. In addition there is also a dietary guidelines advisory committee (DGAC)

Gilmans Theory and Women in Patriarchy vs. Marxs Theory and Workers in Essay

Gilmans Theory and Women in Patriarchy vs. Marxs Theory and Workers in Capitalism - Essay Example Although Gilman claimed to be a humanist, she practically worked extensively to give modern feminism ample sociological grounds (Ritzer 2011; Allen 2009). Research Question Compare and contrast Gilman’s theory as to the oppression of women in patriarchy with Marx’s theory as to how and why workers are oppressed under capitalism. What similarities do you see in their arguments? What are the differences in these two theories of oppression? Gilman’s Theory and Women in Patriarchy Gilman’s most effective and powerful scholarly work in the realm of gender and sexuality studies are perhaps her famous book Women and Economics: A Study of the Economic Relation between Men and Women as a Factor in Social Evolution (Gilman 1898). In this work, she has critically utilized Darwinism in a more socially constructive way and attempted to explain the intricacies of relationships between man and woman. She raised a question about not only the origins of humankind but also about the origins of gender roles, so as to find out that why domestic duties have been specified for women in general in all cultures and societies. She formulated an economic explanation of domestic economy. According to Gilman (1898), traditionally a woman was subjugated to use her sex organs as assets; on which she could further bank to impress her husband and get money to support herself and her children. So marriage is actually an arrangement of both sexual and economic subjugation of women in the male-dominated society. Relatively recently, scholars like MacKinnon (1982) also appear to be endorsing a similar perspective by claiming that women’s sexuality is not women’s own. Marx’s Theory and Workers in Capitalism According to Marx, the industrial capitalist society is clearly divided into two classes, where one class controls the means of production and the other class serves as workers. Oppression arises from the fact that the state becomes a managing co mmittee of the holders of the means of production. And in answering the question that why the workers are finally at the losing side, Marx holds that lack of political organization coupled with a powerful capitalist police state is responsible for the fact that the workers are finally at the receiving end of the system. (Brown 2012; MacKinnon 1982) Consequently, the working class is subjugated both politically and economically. The working class has to work hard and produce all the goods and products necessary for modern society. But they are so occupied with their economic plight that they are compelled to tolerate underpayment and injustice. In this way, they are alienated from their products and the surplus is accumulated by the rich landlords and factory owners.

Critical Review Determination Of Accounting Standards Accounting Essay

Critical Review Determination Of Accounting Standards Accounting Essay Ross L. Watts and Jerold L. Zimmerman explore factors that motivate companies in lobbying on accounting standards and examine whether their opinion on certain standards are associated with their size. They use data from the companies which submit comments to the FASBs Discussion Memorandum on General Price Level Adjustment. The empirical evidence supports the argument that the firms tend to choose accounting standards which report lower earnings due to political and regulatory considerations. Their findings also confirm that big firms are more likely to be subjected to governmental interference. However, the paper might not be based on strong theoretical foundations. Moreover, some assumptions used in the paper could decrease the external validity of the research. I. Introduction Ross L. Watts and Jerold L. Zimmerman have written a remarkable paper in accounting research which attempt to provide positive theory about factors influencing companies in lobbying on accounting standards. The paper also discuss the question whether the size of the companies affect their opinion on certain standards. This paper is important because it makes contribution to the positive accounting theory development. It might be the first paper which attempt to provide empirical evidence on positive accounting theory about factors influencing management attitude on certain accounting standards. The data and the issues discussed were new in that period. It contributes to a literature that has uncovered empirical regularities in accounting practice (Holthausen and Leftwich, 1983 and Watts and Zimmerman, 1986 as discussed in Watts and Zimmerman, 1990 p 131). The literature has been developing since the publication of this paper in 1978 (Watts and Zimmerman, 1990 p 132). Though, the pape r also brought considerable debate among researchers. This essay intends provide critical review and highlights some important points from the paper by reviewing in four main areas: (i) research paradigm, (ii) theoretical framework, (iii) methodology, and (iv) research findings. The following section discusses about research paradigm used in the paper. The next section explores criticisms on the theoretical framework of the research. Section four reviews the methodology used in the research. Section five examines important finding from this paper. Finally, the last section presents some conclusion about the paper. II. Research Paradigm The researchers discussed an interesting topic in accounting theory. They use positivism paradigm in the research. This paradigm gets many criticisms when it is used in the social science research. According to Collis and Hussey (2009), positivism is criticized based on five main arguments. First, it is impossible to separate people from the social context in which they exist. Second, people cannot be understood without examining the perceptions they have of their own activities. Third, a highly structured research design imposes constrains on the results and may ignore other relevant findings. Fourth, researchers are not subjective, but part of what they observe. They bring their own interests and values to the research. Fifth, capturing complex phenomena in a single measure is misleading(Collis and Hussey, 2009, p. 56). Furthermore, Sterling (1990, p. 98) argued that Instead of trying to determine how to improve the present state of accounting we are told to try to determine the pr esent state of accounting. However, Watts and Zimmerman argued that they adopted the label positive from economics where it was used to distinguish research aimed at explanation and prediction from research whose objective was prescription (Watts and Zimmerman, 1990, p.148). Therefore, the evidence generated from researches using this paradigm will improve the development of accounting theory by providing explanations and predictions for normative research. Moreover, positivism as one of paradigm in research is used for many researches in social science today (Collis and Hussy, 2009). This paradigm is underpinned by the belief that reality is independent of us and the goal is the discovery of theories, based on empirical research (Collis and Hussy, 2009). III. Theoretical Framework The paper starts with the discussion about factors determining management attitudes toward financial accounting standards. The discussion based on two assumptions. First, individuals act to maximize their own utility(Watts and Zimmerman, 1978, p.113). This assumption means that management attitudes on certain accounting standards are based on its interest to maximize its own utility. Second, managements utility is a positive function of the expected compensation in the future periods (or wealth) and a negative function of the dispersion of future compensation (or wealth) (Watts and Zimmerman, 1978, p.114). The expected forms of compensation for management that are used in this research are incentive compensation and share price increase. The discussion then continues with the description of factors affecting management wealth. Those factors are taxes, regulation, political costs, information production costs, and management compensation plans. Each factor gives different impact on the way management chooses accounting standards. The researchers argue that management tend to choose accounting standards which report lower earnings (thereby increasing cashflows, firm value and their welfare) due to tax, political, and regulatory considerations than to choose accounting standard which report higher earnings and, thereby, increase their incentive compensation(Watts and Zimmerman, 1978, p.118). They also argue that this prediction depend on the political pressure on the firms and whether they are regulated or not. Another consideration that management should consider is the cost of information production as a consequence of the implementation of new standards. Based on the combination of factors affecting management wealth, they created two models that describe two possible conditions. The first model depicts the condition when the change in accounting standards will decrease the earnings of the firms and the second model depicts the condition when the earnings are increase. In short, the theory pronounces that there are three possible attitudes of the companies when the change in accounting standards decreases their earnings: submit favorable opinion, submit unfavorable opinion, or do no submit opinion. On the other hand, only two possible attitudes of the companies if the change in accounting standards increases their earnings: submit unfavorable opinion or do no submit opinion. The choice taken by the companies depends on the size of the companies. One of the important points explained in the paper is that the researchers omit some variables in developing the theory. Two of them are described in their paper. First, they realized that, generally, the factors influencing the regulation cost of utility companies is not only net income but also operating earnings. Second, they omit political sensitivity of the firms industry because there is no underlying theory to discuss this factor at that time. The theories used on this research got many criticisms. It needs verification and replication (Holthausen and Leftwitch, 1983 p. 100). The researchers should be able to understand and explained it well before conducting their research (Christenson, 1983 p. 20). Hines (1988 p. 661) suggested clarifying whether their theories were universal or probabilistic, and if the latter, explained on what conceptual grounds they should be held to be so. Therefore, it is better to test the theories first using another hypothesis before analyzing data using the theories (Hines. 1988 p. 661). However, Watts and Zimmerman argue that although the criticisms are relevant, those criticisms placed unreasonable demand on study (Watts and Zimmerman, 1990, p.149). In addition, their theories provide theoretical basis for other researches in accounting. For instance, Milne (2002, p.371) argued the theories provide the stated theoretical basis for a number of social disclosure studies. Moreover, this paper was probably the only paper which predicts corporate lobbying behavior as a function of firm-specific factors' (Holthausen and Leftwitch, 1983 p. 95). Another important point in the paper is that the researchers only focus on shareholders, creditors, and government in explaining some factors influencing management accounting choice. In fact, there are many users of financial statements have not discussed thoroughly in the paper. Those are employee, analyst-adviser, supplier and trade creditor, customer, competitors, and the public. The public includes taxpayers, consumers and other community and special interest groups, such as political parties, consumer and environmental protection societies and regional pressure groups. Each user has different interest on the firms. Therefore, they might influence the accounting choice. For instance, the accounting choice taken by the firm which has a significant impact on increasing its earnings will stimulate employees to ask for bonuses or even increase in their salaries. Conversely, if the accounting choice taken by firm has a significant impact on decreasing its earnings, it will make emplo yees worry about their job security. Then, it might increase employee the turnover in the firm. Finally, it would be interesting if the paper also discuss cultural differences between companies. It could be one important factor influencing management accounting choice. Each firm consists of groups of people who share their culture based on their top managements policies. This culture will also determine the firm accounting choice. The link between accounting value and cultural value (Alexander et all. (2009) discussed research by Gray (1988) based on Hofstede (1984) classification scheme) could be used to analyze the accounting choice of the firm. For instance, some firms might choose a more conservative accounting choice because their cultural characteristic is uncertainty avoidance. It might also explain why some big size companies did not submit their opinion on the discussion memorandum. IV. Methodology The researchers used voluntary disclosure regarding GPLA Statements for some companies that published such disclosure to predict the position of the companies on the new standard. For the others companies, they used the studies from Davidson and Weil (1975) and Davidson, Stickney, and Weil (1976) who develop an adjusting procedure which relies solely on published financial statements and GNP deflators. Furthermore, they also constructed proxy variables based on unadjusted depreciation and net monetary assets. They argue that these proxy variables can serve as a surrogate for the effect of GPLA earnings. One of main the problems is the dependent variable used by the researchers. They divided the responses into two categories, the companies which agree and disagree with the memorandum. This dichotomy does not represent the actual condition since some responses might consist of agreement on certain points in the memorandum but disagreement on other points (Holthausen and Leftwitch, 1983 p. 104). Another problem is the assumption that the companies which did not mention the compensation or reply the questioner assumed no compensation plans. This assumption may lead to the conclusion bias. The next important point is the use of firms size to proxy for political cost. The decision to use this method might be affected by condition at the time the paper was written. During the 1970s, oil companies dominated the largest of the US companies, and they were also subject to much public outrage and political scrutiny during and immediately following the oil crisis of 1973 (Milne, 2002, p.374). However, Hilnes suggested to avoid the use of crude proxies such as the use of firm size to operationalize the concept of political cost' (Hines. 1988 p. 661). Watts and Zimmerman (1990) as discussed by Milne (2002, p.377) finally realized that the size is too noisy as a proxy. Subsequent to their research, empirical studies have tended to use or suggest a wider range of measures to proxy for political costs (Milne, 2002, p.377). They may needs to elaborate the effect of firms stage of growth in accounting choice. The nature of managements solution (including the accounting choice) to each revolutionary period determines whether a company will move forward into its next stage of evolutionary growth (Greiner, 1972). The firm should choose the right solution (including accounting choice) in order to survive. Companies which are in the earlier stage of development will tend to maximize their profit while more mature companies will focus on sustainability issues. The focus on sustainability issues might stimulate companies to respond differently in order to survive in their environment. This argument could be an explanation why companies with different size have different respond to certain standards (Watts and Zimmerman, 1978). In terms of analysis, the focuses of the research on political cost especially on the effect of government intervention might reduce its external validity. The analyses conducted in isolation of other factors are inappropriate because accounting is used for many purposes (Fields et all. 2001, p. 300). The proposition that corporations will do anything to support the decision of accounting procedures that minimize reported earnings might not suitable for the companies with accounting-based debt covenants. The empirical evidence shows that those companies are more likely to choose income-increasing accounting methods (Begley, 1990 p. 138). Another research by Sweeney (1994) on the companies which violated debt covenants found that managers tend to do accounting change to increase the income figure in the years surrounding technical defaults. In summary, the researchers should be careful in using assumptions. They have to realize that their focus on political cost especially on the effect of government intervention might reduce external validity of the research. V. Research Findings Finally, the research provides important findings generated from this research. First, the empirical evidence supports the argument that the firms tend to choose accounting standards which report lower earnings due to political and regulatory considerations. Those firms are the firms that have contact with the government directly through regulation or indirectly through possible government intervention. Their findings also confirm that big firms are more likely to be subjected to governmental interference. The existence of costs generated by government intervention may have more fundamental and important effects on its investment-production decision if the potential costs of government interference become large. Based on this research, McKee et all. (1984. P. 658) then replicate the research using a larger sample. Unfortunately, the results from this research are not satisfactory. The evidences do not support the theories provided by this research. McKee et all. (1984. P. 647) argued that there are some problems regarding the test procedures and its underlying theories. However, the findings generated from this research are now become important consideration in conducting researches in accounting especially regarding earnings management. Research in this topic usually aims to find companies that tend to choose accounting standards which will affect their earnings. Therefore, most of researchers in this topic eliminate companies in regulated industries (utilities and financial companies) from their sample to minimize the effects of political and regulatory considerations (For example: Madhogarhia et all., 2009; Roychowdhury, 2006). Conclusion In summary, this paper is a remarkable paper in accounting research. It gives starting point in the development of positive theory in accounting. It might be the first research that investigates factors influencing management accounting choice. Though, there are some important points need to be improved in this research. The most important point is the improvement in theoretical framework. Based on the discussion on the paper, it could be concluded that accounting choice is a function of internal and external influences. Internal influences comprise some factors such as culture and stages of growth of the companies while external influences comprise changes in tax, regulation, information production cost, and management compensation costs. Combination of those influences affects the attitude of the company to certain changes, including the attitude toward the change of certain accounting standards. Iin order to improve the development of the theory in this topic, Fields et all. (2001, p. 299-300) made three recommendations. First, researchers should give more efforts to investigate the nature of the implications of alternative accounting methods rather than just testing the implications. Then, the research should not focus only to one accounting issue or one goal. Even though the tasks become more complex, they will give a better contribution to the development of theoretical framework in accounting. Finally, the researchers should develop more powerful statistical techniques and improve research design (Fields et all. 2001, p. 300). References: Alexander, D., Anne B., and A. Jorissen (2009) International Financial Reporting and Analysis, Cengage Learning, Hampshire, UK. Begley, J., (1990) Debt Covenant and Accounting Choice, Journal of Accounting and Economics 12, 125-139. Christenson, C., (1983) The methodology of positive accounting, The Accounting Review, Vol.58, N0.1, pp 1-22. Collis. J., and Roger H., (2009) Business Research: A Practical Guide for Undergraduate and Postgraduate Students, Palgrave Macmillan, UK. Fields, T., Lys, T., and Vincent, L., (2001) Empirical Research on Accounting Choice, Journal of Accounting and Economics, Vol. 31, pp. 255-307. Greiner, L. E., (1972) Evolution and Revolution as Organization Grow, Harvard Business Review (July-August): 37 -46. Madhogarhia, P., Ninon K. S., and Theodor K., (2009) Earnings Management Practices Among Growth and Value Firms, Applied Financial Economics, 19, 1767-1778. Hines. R. D. (1988) Poppers methodology of falsificationism and accounting research, The Accounting Review, (October): 657-662. Holthausen. R. W. and R. W. Leftwich. 1983 The economic consequences of accounting choice: Implications of costly contracting and monitoring, Journal of Accounting Economics, (August): 77-117. McKee. A. J., Jr., T. B. Bell, and J. R. Boatsman (1984) Management preferences over accounting standards: A replication and additional tests, The Accounting Review, (October):647-659. Roychowdhury, S. (2006) Earnings Management Through Real Activities Manipulation, Journal of Accounting and Economics 42, 335-370. Sterling, R., (1990), Positive accounting: An assessment, Abacus, Vol.26, pp. 97-135. Sweeney, A. P. (1994), Debt-covenant violations and managers accounting responses, Journal of Accounting and Economics, 17, 281-308. Watts, R. L. and J. L. Zimmerman, (1978), Towards a positive theory of the determination of accounting standards, The Accounting Review, (January): 112-134. Watts, R., Zimmerman, J., (1990), Positive accounting theory: A ten year perspective, The Accounting Review 65, 131-156.